One of the key challenges during MitraClip (TEER) procedures is determining
Introduction Transseptal puncture (TSP) is a critical step in many structural heart interventions, including:• Mitral valve repair (MitraClip)• Balloon mitral valvuloplasty• Left atrial appendage (LAA) closureDespite its routine use, TSP …
Introduction The coronary sinus (CS) has become a critical anatomical structure in modern cardiology, especially in: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) Arrhythmia ablation Percutaneous mitral interventions (e.g., CARILLON annuloplasty) However, coronary …